Introduction of C Programming Language C Character Set Constants, Variables, Keywords Rules for Integer Variables Values Rules for Floating Variables Values Rules for Character Variables Values First C program Comments in C The main() function printf() and scanf() Format Specifiers C Instructions Operators in C Type Conversions Control Instructions Decision Control If statement If-else statement Nested if-else Statement The Switch Statement Logical Operators Conditional Operator

Types of Loops While loop For Loop Do-while Loop Nesting of Loops Multiple Initializations in the for Loop The Break Statement The Continue Statement Difference Between While and Do-While Loop: The Goto Statement Programming Errors in C Language Practice Question on Constants

Functions in C Parameters in C Function Points to Remember Ways to Call a Function Difference Between Call by Value and Call by Reference Storage Classes in C Storage Classes Which Storage Class to Use When Difference Between Compile-Time and Run-Time Errors Letters and their ASCII values in C

Introduction to Pointers Pointer Notation Symbols used in Pointers in C Declaring a Pointer Null Pointers Enumeration (enum) in C

Type Casting in C Recursion in C Integers - Signed and Unsigned

Arrays in C Different Ways to Initialize All Members of an Array to The Same Value: 2-D Arrays in C Passing Array to a Function in C Points to Remember Arrays of Pointers Exercise

Strings in C Examples Standard Library String Functions Passing strings to a function Practice Question

Introduction Of Structures Accessing Structure Elements Features of Structures Uses of Structures Practice Questions

Union in C Declaring Union Input/Output Console Input/Output Functions Formatted Console I/O Functions Unformatted Console Input/Output Functions File Input/Output File Opening Modes Operations on Bits One’s Complement Operator

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When we know that there will be no sign with the integer,we can declare it as an unsigned integer.

Unsigned int Studentnum:

By doing this,the range of integers will shift from range -32768 to +32767 to the range 0 to 65535.
We can also have unsigned short int and unsigned long int as well.
By default a short int is signed short int and a long int is a signed long int.

Floats and Doubles:

A float occupies 4 bytes in memory.If this is not sufficient,we also have a double data type which occupies 8 bytes in memory.
A variable of double data type is declared as:

C language also has a long double which occupies 10 bytes in memory.

As we have signed and unsigned integers we can also have signed and unsigned chars,both occupying 1 byte of memory but have different ranges.

A signed char is the same as ordinary char and has a range from -128 to +127.

An unsigned char has a range from 0 to 255.

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