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Number systems are the technique to represent numbers through naming them. It provides a singular representation to explain numbers. 
Computer architecture supports the subsequent number systems:

• Binary Number System

• Octal Number System

• Decimal Number System

• Hexadecimal Number System

Binary Number System:
The numbers within the binary number system have a base 2 because it only uses two numbers - 0 & 1. The zeroes and ones compose into bits. 8 bits form a byte. 

Example: 1010, 11001, 100010. 

Here,
1010 represents 10. 
11001 represents 25. 
100010 represents 34.
(In decimal)

Octal Number System:
The numbers within the octal number system have a base 8 because it uses 8 numbers from 0 to 7. Each value is represented using the numbers 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7. 

Example: 20, 124, 256. 

Here,
20 represents 16.
124 represents 84.
256 represents 174.
(In decimal)

Decimal Number System:

• The numbers within the decimal number system have a base 10. It uses 0 to 9 to represent numbers. Each value is represented using the numbers 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9. 

• The decimal number system is employed in reality and any number with none base specified is taken into account to be decimal.

Example: 10, 150, 200

Hexadecimal Number System:
The numbers within the hexadecimal number system have a base 16. It uses 0 to 15 to represent numbers. Each value is represented using numbers 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15.

Example: 15, 450, 1000

Here,
15 represents 21.
450 represents 1104.
1000 represents 4096.
(In decimal)

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