Introduction to Transportation Engineering RAIL TRANSPORTATION Development of Road METCALF ROADS Development of Roads in India

Geometric Design Part-1 QUESTIONS HIGHWAY PLANNING Maximum Saturation System Utility Factor System Engineering Survey for Highway Assignment Designed Speed TYPES OF TERRAIN Highway Alignment Factors Affecting Highway Capacity ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS Friction Depends on Following Factors Unevenness Light Reflecting Characteristic Cross Slope Are of Following Types Geometric Design of Road Roadway/width of Formation

Geometric Design II Factors Influencing the Geometric Design of Hills Roads Design of Hill Road Roadway Classification with Respect to Width Sight Distance Are of Following Types DESIGN IN HILL ROADS Geometric Design Standards Illustrations of Hair-pin Bends Gradient of the Road Design Speed Gradient of Road Geometric Design III National Highways

Transportation Engineering Part I Horizontal Curve Load Distribution Three Wheeled Vehicle Sight Distance at Intersection Superelevation Superelevation Formula Design procedure of Superelevation Banking of road Attainment of Superelevation in the Field

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Development of Roads in India

Government of india passed the resolution in 1927 for appointment of a committee to maximize the situation & development of road in India under the leadership Mr.Jayakar
The road development in the country is of national interest.
An intra tax should be derived on petrol from the users for development of roads & would be termed as “CENTRAL ROAD FUND”.
A semi official body was formed to give technical advice for road development.
A research organization should be formed to carry out research & develop new techniques of rural development.
As per jayakar committee CENTRAL ROAD FUND was established in 1929.
At the approval of the government a semi official technical body was formed in 1934 termed as INDIAN ROAD CONGRESS.
In 1939 motor vehicle act was established for traffic safety.Laws relating to traffic (drivers,vehicle and operational stuff).
A conference of all chief engineers was called by IRC for collective development of roads in India in 1943 ,1st 20 year plan was termed as Nagpur road plan[1943-1963].In this a target of 16/100 km2 area of country development target is to be achieved.
In 1950 a central road research institution was established for carrying out road technology.
In 1956 national highway act was passed for following purpose

Second plan was initiated in [1961-1981] in bombay for development of 32/100 km2 road length area.
In 1973 highway research board was set up to give direction to research activities.
In 1978 National transport policy committee(NTPC) was established to prepare a comprehensive transport policy for the country for the next 10 years(decate).
In 1981 ,a third 20 year road development plan was prepared in Lucknow with a target of 82km per 100 km2 area.
In 1988 the NHAI act was passed.
In 2000 PMGSY was formed by the government for village connectivity.
Fourth 20 years plan should be introduced in 2001 but IRC prepared a vision of road development 2021 & 2025.

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