Design procedure includes following steps:
Step 1:-
Calculate the Superelevation (e) necessary for 75% design speed[0.75V] and assume no lateral friction is developed
As per practical conditions, it is suggested that superelevation should be provided to fully counteract the centrifugal force due to 75% of the Design Speed(V) by neglecting lateral friction (f=0) developed.
Superelevation formula = e + f = [V2]/127R
Consider lateral friction f = 0;
75% of design speed which means V= 0.75V
As per formula,
e + f = [V2]/127R
e + 0 = [0.75V]2/127R
e = V2 / 225R
Note: e value should not be more than 0.07
If the calculated value (ecal) is less than (emax) then consider the value of (ecal) if not proceed to next step,
if (ecal<emax) then e = ecal
If the calculated value (ecal) is greater than (emax) then consider the value of (emax)
if (ecal<emax) then e = emax
Step 2:-
Let's assume e = emax = 0.07 and proceed to next step.
Step 3:-
Calculate the value of friction for ‘e’ Value
Superelevation formula = e + f = [V2]/127R
= 0.07 +f = [V2]/127R
f = [V2]/127R – 0.07
Step 4:-
From the above step we found the value of e. Now lets find the value of the lateral friction (f) for the known value of emax Value
Superelevation = emax + f = [V2]/127R
= 0.07 + f = [V2]/127R
fcal = [V2/127R] – 0.07
If fcal < fmax (0.15)
Then fcal = f;
If fcal > fmax (0.15)
Then e = 0.07 is safe.
But if fcal > 0.15
Then fcal =fmax (0.15)
Step 4:-
Lets calculate the value of Restricted Speed (Va)
Therefore V = Va
Super Elevation = e + f = [V2]/127R
= 0.07 + 0.15 = (Va)2/127R
V = [127R(0.22)]½
If Va > V then e = 0.07, f = 0.15
If Va < V still e = 0.07 and f = 0.15 but the speed restriction board is provided along with consists the value of Va
NOTE:
From drainage consideration it is necessary to have a min cross slope to drain of surface water.
If calculated e is less than cross slope of the road, then the crown and negative superelevation on outeredge.
In very flat curve with large radius, having less value of Pc & negative superelevation may be permitted on outer edge
As per IRC radius of curve beyond which "e" is required is as follows;